Method of atomizing liquid fuel



`April 2o 1926.

TSS-122.23

v J.M.MooRE METHOD OF ATOMIZING LIQUID FUEL Filed Augusfc 29. 1922 Fl'gq 4- v 5 F i951 y N TOR.

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Patented Apr. 20,` 1926.l

UNITEDISTATES- PATENT OFFICE.

JULIAN MORGAN MQORE, F PORTSMOUTH, V IBGINIA.

ufETIIon or A'roMIzINe LIQUID FUEL.

Application tiled August y29, 1922, Serial No. 585,001.

To all whom t ma Y cofwern: Be it' known t at I, JULIAN MORGAN MOORE, a citizen of the United States, and- -resident of Portsmouth, in the .county of Norfolk andl State of Virginia, have in- Vvented certain new and useful Methods of vAtomizing Liquid Fuel, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improved method of atomlzing liquid fuel especially hydrocarbon fuel and more particularly the -utilization of'steam in mechanical atomizers utilized to heat the fuel in starting the of the well known Fisher type as describedv which event the heat of the steam can be burner. n

This and other objectsA of vmy invention will be evident from inspection of the fol'- lowing drawings, Figure 1 is 'a cross 'sectionalview `of a mechanical atomizer.

Figure 2 is an isometric view of the lug showing the tangential slots through w ich streams of oil are delivered to the mixing chamber. l l

Figure 3 is a piping diagram showing the .fuell and atomizin'g medium lines as connected tothe burner.

Figure 4 'is the-end of the plug showing the tangential ports for entryof the fuel and the end of the helical ports for entry of the atomizing agent or oil discharge, alternately dis osed around' the peri hery.

igure 5 is an enlarge detail of the atomizer end, in section.

In the carrymgout of-minvention I em a burner providedwit a fuel supply 1 Plfy an oil return 2 terminating in a tip 3 provided with a mixing chamber 4 and a fuel port 5 which is an outlet port for the nozzle and an inlet port for the combustion .chainber not shown. The fuel 'supply-'1 connects with the mixin' chamber throng tangential slots 6 of whic I show four but any num- 1 ing through ber of slots or passages maybe employed. The fuel discharge 2 is connected to the mixing chamber through a series of circumferential or helical passages 7 which are arranged so that they may be alternately di'sposed around the periphery ofthe rear face of the mixing chamber 4 as readily understood\by referring to Figure 4. While it is .not essential'that the number of tangential slots for the entry of fuel into the mixing chamber be the same as the number of helical slots for the admission of the atomizing agent it is desirable, for a better mixture will re- -sult ,if the slots alternate around the periphery of the mixing chamber. All of the foregoing is more fully described in the three United States patents referred to and therefore require no further description.'

In the fuel discharge line 2, Figure 3, Il provide a out in 10 for steam or other4 atomizing: agent controllable by a valve 11.`

The oil return is controllable `by the valve is opened a regulable amount of oil will ref turn from the mixing chamber.

In starting my burner the steam and fuel is permitted to enter the mixing chamber,

the fuelpassing in streams through the tangential passages 6 and the steam axially and circumferentially through. the 'helical grooves 7 impinging upon the fuel making a perfect mixture andis forced out through the opening 5 into the combustion chamber in a 'perfect atomizing spray ensuring comlete combustion, the heat of the steam passthe center of the oil supply, warming up thefuel is lowered.` The burner is now operated. as a steam atomizer. After the boiler is generating steam the valve'll is closed and valve 12 is opened and a regulable amount Lof fuel is by-passed thef port 5. From now on-the burner is operated as' a mechanical burner covered by 4patents mentioned in the earl part of lth1s lIt will be readilyyunderstood t at in `passing hot steam under pressure inside the fuel sup lyv that the viscosity of the fuel is lowere and "upon eigering the combustion, chatrier atomizing vaction is greatly promo .12. Itwill be obvious therefore that when f ltlf) the oil so that the viscosity of ecification. f

The fuel enters the mixing chamber 4 in small streams, through the tangential slots 6 of which I have shown four but it is perfectly obvious that any number may be used. The steam enters the mixing chamber also in small vstreams through the helical passages Z which are interposed between the` tangential slots so that the streams of fuel and oil alternate around the periphery of the mixing chamber. The number of the passages 6 should be the same as the number of passages 7. This arrangement causes a perfect swirling motion of the oil and steam which results in perfect atomization of the fuel upon entering the combustion chamber, not shown.

It will be readily understood that inasmuch as the atomizing agent is delivered into the mixing chamber through helical passages, it will have a decided motion axially due to emerging from the ends of the helical grooves as Well as a tangential movement.

It is to be understood that it is not necessary that there be exactly four helical passages 7 There may be two, three, or any desired number provided that they alternate with the passages for the admission of fuel. Furthermore, as illustrated, the fuel is delivered tangentially so that it has a whirl in one direction, While the atomizing medium is delivered tangentially so'that it is given a whirl in the other direction. This produces a thorough atomization but essential characteristic of the invention.

I wish it distinctly understood that my steam atomizer herein described and illus- Vtrated is in the form in which I desire -to construct it and that changes or variations may be made as may be convenient or desirable withoutdeparting from the salient features of my invention and I therefore intend the following claims to cover such modifications as naturally fall within-.the lines of invention.

I claim:

l. A method of atomizing liquid fuel which comprises delivering fuel into a mixing chamber in streams substantially tangential to the walls of said mixing chamber, thereby imparting a whirling motion thereto, delivering an atomizing agent under pressure into said chambers in streams alternating with the streams of fuel and which tend to produce rotation in the opposite direction, and liberating the resulting mixture of fuel is not an and atomizing agent through an orifice concentric with the' axis of rotation.

2. A method of atomizing liquid fuel which comprises delivering fuel into a mixing chamber in tangential streams substantially tangential to the Walls of the said mixing chamber, thereby imparting a whirling motion thereto, and delivering an atomizing agent under pressure int-o said chamber in tangential streams which alternate with the streams of fuel and tend to produce rotation to, delivering an atomizing agent under pressure into said chamber in tangential streams which alternate with the streams of fuel and impinge thereon at an angle and which tend to produce rotation in the opposite direction, and liberating the resulting mixture of fuel and atomizing agent through an orifice concentric with the axis of rotation. f

4. A method of controlling the combustion of -liquid fuel which comprises supplying the fuel and an atoinizing agent under ,pressure to a mixing chamber, cutting olf the supply of atomizing agent and by-passing aY regulable amount of fuel back from the mixing chamber.

5. A method ofgcontrolling the combustion of liquid fuel which comprises supplying the fuel and an atoinizing agent under pressure in alternate streams to a mixing` chamber, cutting olf the supply of atomizing agent', and returning a regulable amount of fuel from the mixing chamber.

6. A method of controlling the combus` tion of liquid fuel which comprises supplying the-fuel and an atomizing agent under pressure in alternate tangential streams into a mixing chamber, cutting ofi' the Isupply of atomizing agent, and returning a regulable` amount of fuel from the mixing chamber.

Signed at 501 Fifth Ave., New York .in the county of New York and State of New York this twenty-eighth day of August A. D. 1922.

JULIAN VMOlEtGrAN MOORE. 

